Hmm...this is a really interesting question! I can't really think of too many experiences where I've seen this happen personally, save for in cases where a story's canon changes drastically depending on circumstance and time.
For example, I read X-Men comics quite a bit and their recent Krakoa story arc made a commentary on "comic book deaths" in general where characters would die in one issue and come back thanks to a "magic system" of sorts set into the series (Ms. Marvel is probably one of the biggest examples of this, as they killed off to have her come back as a mutant instead and negate her Inhuman origin story for...reasons 0_0;). Another example of this is Thunderbird, an X-Man who was introduced when the original team was rebooted way back and characters like Storm, Banshee, and Wolverine were added to the roster. He dies on that first mission (much to many people's displeasure), but years later is brought back thanks to the Krakoa storyline. Blink was originally supposed to be added to the Generation X original lineup but was killed off on their introductory story arc in a moment of self-sacrifice because she wasn't used to her powers (thus explaining why a team of mutant youngsters training was needed), but a version of her during the Age of Apocalypse storyline survives into the original Marvel timeline and becomes a recurring character. Oddly enough, if I go back to the Inferno story arc or Phoenix...Maddie and Jean were meant to be killed off for good respectively after those incidents, but Jean later on gets revived and the Goblin Queen gets brought back years later for a sorely needed (and much appreciated) redemption arc during Krakoa. I hadn't yet read New Mutants so I wasn't fully aware of Magik's roles in the comics beforehand...so I mostly remember Magik as a little girl dying from (and ultimately succumbing to) the Legacy Virus in a really powerful story arc. She does get brought back somehow later on as her teenaged warrior self, but it was awhile in-between those instances so I thought it was really interesting when they did bring her back. Then again, comic books are infamous for doing this sort of thing.
Same with Dragonball. ...Though Dragonball does some interesting things with canon setup, such as the whole Future Trunks plotline where so many of the characters died tragically and he goes back to try and save them from that fate. I have to admit, Piccolo and Vegeta both sacrificing themselves at times for children they care for still is emotional despite the whole "they're going to come back later" angle given how much plot development for them it shows from their initial introductions.
For games, I can only think of a few RPG examples. I was really attached to Pohl in Suikoden II as a nice kid who befriends the main character under extreme circumstances, and his death later on trying to protect a younger child from a murdering tyrant is incredibly traumatic. Given that Suikoden casts are huge, I just kind of...expected him to be a permanent party member at some point and it just doesn't happen. The same can be said of Ted (and knowing he dies later on and seeing him in the prequel about a hundred years earlier in Suikoden IV with the caveat that it would be some time before he met his "one true friend" in Tir just really hit you in the feels) and Odessa from the original Suikoden game and Sialeeds from Suikoden V. In Final Fantasy Tactics, I was not prepared at all for the tragic death of Delita's sister given initial story setup...and the subsequent murder of Ovelia during the end-game credits traumatized me the first time I played the game. On the other hand, I was pleasantly shocked when I found out that Valmafra gets spared despite Delita acknowledging her status as a spy. I also will always hold a special place in my heart for dear Vivi in Final Fantasy IX. I had honestly just assumed at the end that they would figure out how to save him, so when the ending monologue happens...it hit me hard.
Fighting games are a bit more interesting because so few of their deaths actually stick (as of right now, Tekken is even preparing to bring Heihachi back and I thought his death was going to be pretty permanent in the seventh game). They either just retcon the story where they died, or go with a palette swap character (Gen from Street Fighter Alpha is a prime example of this as he is terminally ill and dies in all of his game endings for that subseries and they stick once Alpha is done, though one can argue he is later changed out for his nephews Yun and Yang, or the original King from the first two Tekken games being replaced by one of the orphans he helped raise from the third game onwards/Michelle being replaced by Julia/the Eddy and Christie choice/Raven and Master Raven...dang, Tekken does it a lot 0_0;). About the only example I can think of with a character who died and stayed dead in fighting games for a relatively long while (to the point where I thought she would stay dead as a plot device character after her initial game appearance save for the non-canon Tekken Tag games) is probably Jun Kazama from the second Tekken game. They "replaced her" with her son Jin and niece Asuka, but neither of those characters shared quite the same movesets as her so it wasn't really palette-swapping (Jin was more of a hybrid character, and Asuka evolved into her own unique character). It wouldn't be until Tekken 8 that Jun would make her grand entrance again into the main storyline (kudos to them for also showcasing a still gorgeous and kick-butt lady in her forties at least! XD), so for a very long time most people assumed she was going to be dead for good. I loved her as a main in the second game, so this was quite the pleasant surprise for me! :)
...That was a long winded way of saying that I have gravitated towards similar characters in the past, and have even had the opposite situation where I knew of the death and then saw a later canon with them "living on" afterwards. It's a neat way to reflect on characters and stories, thank you for the fun prompt! ♥
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For example, I read X-Men comics quite a bit and their recent Krakoa story arc made a commentary on "comic book deaths" in general where characters would die in one issue and come back thanks to a "magic system" of sorts set into the series (Ms. Marvel is probably one of the biggest examples of this, as they killed off to have her come back as a mutant instead and negate her Inhuman origin story for...reasons 0_0;). Another example of this is Thunderbird, an X-Man who was introduced when the original team was rebooted way back and characters like Storm, Banshee, and Wolverine were added to the roster. He dies on that first mission (much to many people's displeasure), but years later is brought back thanks to the Krakoa storyline. Blink was originally supposed to be added to the Generation X original lineup but was killed off on their introductory story arc in a moment of self-sacrifice because she wasn't used to her powers (thus explaining why a team of mutant youngsters training was needed), but a version of her during the Age of Apocalypse storyline survives into the original Marvel timeline and becomes a recurring character. Oddly enough, if I go back to the Inferno story arc or Phoenix...Maddie and Jean were meant to be killed off for good respectively after those incidents, but Jean later on gets revived and the Goblin Queen gets brought back years later for a sorely needed (and much appreciated) redemption arc during Krakoa. I hadn't yet read New Mutants so I wasn't fully aware of Magik's roles in the comics beforehand...so I mostly remember Magik as a little girl dying from (and ultimately succumbing to) the Legacy Virus in a really powerful story arc. She does get brought back somehow later on as her teenaged warrior self, but it was awhile in-between those instances so I thought it was really interesting when they did bring her back. Then again, comic books are infamous for doing this sort of thing.
Same with Dragonball. ...Though Dragonball does some interesting things with canon setup, such as the whole Future Trunks plotline where so many of the characters died tragically and he goes back to try and save them from that fate. I have to admit, Piccolo and Vegeta both sacrificing themselves at times for children they care for still is emotional despite the whole "they're going to come back later" angle given how much plot development for them it shows from their initial introductions.
For games, I can only think of a few RPG examples. I was really attached to Pohl in Suikoden II as a nice kid who befriends the main character under extreme circumstances, and his death later on trying to protect a younger child from a murdering tyrant is incredibly traumatic. Given that Suikoden casts are huge, I just kind of...expected him to be a permanent party member at some point and it just doesn't happen. The same can be said of Ted (and knowing he dies later on and seeing him in the prequel about a hundred years earlier in Suikoden IV with the caveat that it would be some time before he met his "one true friend" in Tir just really hit you in the feels) and Odessa from the original Suikoden game and Sialeeds from Suikoden V. In Final Fantasy Tactics, I was not prepared at all for the tragic death of Delita's sister given initial story setup...and the subsequent murder of Ovelia during the end-game credits traumatized me the first time I played the game. On the other hand, I was pleasantly shocked when I found out that Valmafra gets spared despite Delita acknowledging her status as a spy. I also will always hold a special place in my heart for dear Vivi in Final Fantasy IX. I had honestly just assumed at the end that they would figure out how to save him, so when the ending monologue happens...it hit me hard.
Fighting games are a bit more interesting because so few of their deaths actually stick (as of right now, Tekken is even preparing to bring Heihachi back and I thought his death was going to be pretty permanent in the seventh game). They either just retcon the story where they died, or go with a palette swap character (Gen from Street Fighter Alpha is a prime example of this as he is terminally ill and dies in all of his game endings for that subseries and they stick once Alpha is done, though one can argue he is later changed out for his nephews Yun and Yang, or the original King from the first two Tekken games being replaced by one of the orphans he helped raise from the third game onwards/Michelle being replaced by Julia/the Eddy and Christie choice/Raven and Master Raven...dang, Tekken does it a lot 0_0;). About the only example I can think of with a character who died and stayed dead in fighting games for a relatively long while (to the point where I thought she would stay dead as a plot device character after her initial game appearance save for the non-canon Tekken Tag games) is probably Jun Kazama from the second Tekken game. They "replaced her" with her son Jin and niece Asuka, but neither of those characters shared quite the same movesets as her so it wasn't really palette-swapping (Jin was more of a hybrid character, and Asuka evolved into her own unique character). It wouldn't be until Tekken 8 that Jun would make her grand entrance again into the main storyline (kudos to them for also showcasing a still gorgeous and kick-butt lady in her forties at least! XD), so for a very long time most people assumed she was going to be dead for good. I loved her as a main in the second game, so this was quite the pleasant surprise for me! :)
...That was a long winded way of saying that I have gravitated towards similar characters in the past, and have even had the opposite situation where I knew of the death and then saw a later canon with them "living on" afterwards. It's a neat way to reflect on characters and stories, thank you for the fun prompt! ♥